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  Hogares Saludables para Promotores de la Vivienda y la Salud (Healthy Homes for Housing and Health Promoters)

 

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Essentials for Healthy Homes Practitioners

Keep It Pest-Free

Key References

Reference Topics

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Overview

Start With People

Keep It Dry

Keep It Clean

Keep It Pest-Free

Keep It Ventilated

Keep It Safe

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Making It Work

All References

The National Center for Healthy Housing (NCHH) operates the National Healthy Housing Clearinghouse.  The Clearinghouse consists of hundreds of journal articles, reports, and publications related to healthy homes.  This section links you to the documents organized by healthy homes topic based on the modules in the National Healthy Homes Training Center's flagship course called Essentials for Healthy Homes Practitioners.  See the list of topics in the box to the right.  Make sure you scroll down past the introductory text.   

Please note that NCHH has not sorted the documents within the html page.  The most recent documents are at the top.  Use the Find (Control-F) function in your browser to seek out a particular document or issue.

For basic information on the topic, check out the PDF version of Keep It Pest-Free presentation from the course.

What do I do when link to document doesn't work?  Sometimes, you will get an error when you click on the document title.  In this situation, the full document is not available because NCHH has not received permission from the publisher to post it.  If you encounter this error, go to the clearinghouse search page to find the document.  When you get the search results, click on "Article Details" in the abstract for the document to get a link to the publisher.  You will need to get the article directly from the publisher.

Are the references current? NCHH will update the references at least every other month.  So it is a good idea to use the Clearinghouse's search engine for recent additions. 

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Ohio State University Extension Fact Sheet - Termite Control

Authors: Susan C. Jones

 

Subterranean termites are the most common and economically important wood-destroying organisms in the United States. Termites feed on materials that contain cellulose, primarily dead wood and wood by-products. Subterranean termites are closely associated with the soil habitat where they excavate a network of tunnels through the soil to reach water and food. These termites need moisture to survive. Termites feed slowly so there is no need to panic if they are discovered in one's home. A few weeks

 


 

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Working the bugs out of asthma

Authors: Carol Potera

 

Cockroach antigens (proteins found in the insects' feces, saliva, eggs, and shed cuticles) have been implicated as one of the leading causes of asthma among inner-city children. These antigens can trigger severe allergic reactions, and even tiny amounts can be potentially fatal to sensitive asthmatics. Cockroach allergies are particularly difficult to treat because the cockroach antigens are so persistent. The challenge lies in pinpointing the precise location of the antigens within a house

 


 

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Cockroach Control Manual

Authors: Ogg, B., Ferraro, D., and C. Ogg

 

The Cockroach Control Manual is a practical reference for persons who have had little or no training in insect identification, biology or control methods. An earlier version was developed for those attending our Cockroach Combat Workshops. In these workshops, we emphasized a holistic, least-toxic approach to controlling cockroaches using all available tactics for the most effective control. Each of the authors have read enough scientific literature to understand just how easy it would have b

 


 

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What is a pesticide?

Authors: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

 

A pesticide is any substance or mixture of substances intended for: preventing, destroying, repelling, or mitigating any pest. Though often misunderstood to refer only to insecticides, the term pesticide also applies to herbicides, fungicides, and various other substances used to control pests. Under United States law, a pesticide is also any substance or mixture of substances intended for use as a plant regulator, defoliant, or desiccant.

 


 

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Fact Sheet on Rodents: Rats and Mice

Authors: Laurene Hall

 

Rats and mice will inhabit a variety of places including woodpiles, bushes, tall grasses, and underground burrows. They often find shelter in buildings, cars, appliances, and furniture that has been put outside. They are most attracted to garbage cans with loose lids, birdseed, pet food in pet dishes, and fruits and berries on the ground. Furthermore, compost bins containing meat, fish, poultry, or dairy wastes are rat magnets. Do not put these items in your compost. Once inside your home, rats

 


 

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Integrated Pest Management in Housing

Authors: Sam Bryks

 

Most of us have the expectation of having “apparently” pest free homes – no creepy crawlies of any kind, no bugs or spiders or mice or anything that sneaks or creeps. This has always been a desire of people even when it was almost impossible in earlier historical periods. Pests have always played very significant roles in the human experience. Most of plagues mentioned in the Chapter Exodus from the Old Testament were pests of one form or other. These were often described as pestilence –

 


 

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Contracts and Contractors - Integrated Pest Management in Housing

Authors: Toronto IPM Housing Contractors

 

Pest control contracts for housing (and especially in the public/nonprofit sector) have been no-win, low bid, “run and spray”, “what do you expect” low expectation, low-tech, necessary “evil” services until quite recently. “Evil” in the sense of it not being pleasant to have to have pesticides applied in one’s home, with this idea that “it’s safe to us, but will kill the roaches”. The lesser of two evils one might say… “What is worst? having the bugs? Or the odour of the spray for a short

 


 

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Integrated Pest Management Kit For Building Managers

Authors: Brad Mitchell

 

What Is IPM? Traditional methods of pest control usually involves no more than periodic applications of pesticides. IPM is a common sense approach to pest management that uses a variety of methods to control pests. Chemical pesticides may be part of an IPM program. However, considerable effort is also put towards preventing pest problems by controlling conditions which may attract and support pests. IPM has been used successfully for many years in agriculture, and is increasingly being applied

 


 

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Can Integrated Pest Management Impact Urban Children with Asthma?

Authors: Megan Sandel, et al.

 

Objective: To assess if an integrated pest management (IPM) program can impact pest infestation levels and the health of urban children with asthma Methods: Within a larger randomized controlled study in private and subsidized urban homes, all families who reported pest infestations were offered an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program consisting of an in-home education session about reducing pests, supplies to seal food and trash, and two treatments from a professional pest control service.

 


 

18.

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The Principals of Integrated Pest Management

Authors: The Principals of Integrated Pest Management

 

WHY USE INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT? 1. IPM is the most effective method of controlling pests. 2. Pesticides may not always be the safest way to deal with pest problems. Studies having shown that children are at greater risk than adults to the effects of pesticide exposure. 3. Kids may crawl or play on surfaces that have been treated with pesticides, increasing their risk of exposure. 4. Getting organized, improving sanitation, and sealing buildings results in numerous benefits in addition to p

 


 

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Working with a Pest Management Company in an IPM Program - IPM in Schools and Child Care Facilities

Authors: IU - IPM Contracting Guide

 

An increasing number of pest management companies are providing IPM services such as monitoring for pests and use of baits instead of spray insecticides. Communicate with your current provider that you are interested in developing an IPM program. They may be knowledgeable about IPM and happy to provide these services. When hiring a new company, provide a copy of your pest management policy and confirm that the company can provide services that are consistent with the policy.

 


 

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School IPM IPM Standards available for Schools!

Authors: The IPM Institute of North America, Inc.

 

How do you know if the pest management practices in your school are the least risk, most effective available? Is your school doing as much as possible to prevent and avoid pest problems? How many of the available IPM practices is your school implementing? "IPM Standards for Schools: A Program for Reducing Pest and Pesticide Risks in Schools and Other Sensitive Environments" is a new initiative that can provide answers to these questions. The 128 page document lists more than 700 IPM practices

 


 

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HUD Maintenance Guidebooks Guidebook VII Termite, Insect, and Rodent Control

Authors: Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Public and Indian Housing

 

The purpose of this Guidebook is to introduce public housing agencies and Indian housing authorities (jointly known as HAs) to current pest management methods and principles that will make their task more rewarding and effective. In order to reduce risk from exposure to toxic pesticides, these methods are less dependent upon chemical pesticides. The old ways no longer work well since pests developed resistance to many pesticides. This Guidebook provides information on modern Integrated Pest Mana

 


 

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Guidance on Integrated Pest Management

Authors: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Office of Public and Indian Housing

 

PURPOSE: The purpose of this Notice is to inform public housing agencies (PHAs) and Tribally Designated Housing Entities (TDHEs) of the additional reference materials on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) beyond Maintenance Guidebook Seven: Termite, Insect and Rodent Control. PHAs and TDHEs (HAs) may choose to share this information with families and property owners participating in their programs. 2. APPLICABILITY: The information in this Notice may be of interest to HAs, property owners, propert

 


 

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Integrated Pest Management in Schools

Authors: Dr. Albert Green

 

Background: Early in the 1960's, concern over widespread pesticide misuse and the publication of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring launched the environmental movement. Pesticides are still relatively unique as toxic contaminants in that they are intentionally put into the environment to accomplish their purpose. Therefore, all pest control programs have a special responsibility to fully consider the impact of these chemicals and to prioritize the use of least toxic alternatives. Modern, responsible

 


 

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Integrated Pest Management Technical Guide

Authors: GSA

 

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is “a sustainable approach to managing pests by combining biological, cultural, physical, and chemical tools in a way that minimizes economic, health, and environmental risks” (7 USC 136r-1). With the emergence of IPM, methods of pest control have become more holistic and effective in protecting people, property, and the environment from the risks of pests and pesticides. As a result, Federal agencies are required to implement and promote IPM in a manner that s

 


 

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Integrated Pest Management Program Contract Guide Specification

Authors: Dr. Albert Greene

 

This specification is part of a comprehensive Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program for the premises listed herein. IPM is a process for achieving long-term, environmentally sound pest suppression and prevention through the use of a wide variety of technological and management practices. Control strategies in an IPM program include: Structural and procedural modifications to reduce food, water, harborage, and access used by pests; Pesticide compounds, formulations, and application methods tha

 


 

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Pesticides: Health and Safety

Authors: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

 

Following is a list of pesticide state lead agencies. In general, the first Web site listed is a general site for the state's environmental agency. The second Web site is specific to certification and training programs. If two agencies are listed, the state department of agriculture or equivalent usually certifies most categories of applicators, while the structural pest control agency certifies on for structural pest control.

 


 

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About pesticides

Authors: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

 

The following documents provide general information about ways to reduce risks from pesticide exposure at home, work and at school.

 


 

28.

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Pesticides Outreach Material Catalogue: Information for Your Home and Community

Authors: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Pesticides Programs

 

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Pesticides Programs (OPP) Outreach Publications Catalogue, is a comprehensive listing of more than 50 outreach publications and 70 fact sheets available free of charge to the public. These publications are intended for use by the general public, including homeowners, parents, and urban community leaders. All publications listed in this catalogue provide useful information on responsible pesticide use, storage, and disposal practices. Many

 


 

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Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Schools: Protecting Children in Schools from Pests and Pesticides

Authors: U.s. Environmental Protection Agency

 

Pesticides are powerful tools for controlling pests. However, pesticides need to be used carefully and judiciously, especially when used in sensitive areas where children are present. Children are more sensitive than adults to pesticides. Young children can have greater exposure to pesticides from crawling, exploring, or other hand-to-mouth activities. Put simply, integrated pest management (IPM) is a safer, and usually less costly option for effective pest management in a school community. A s

 


 

30.

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Armed Forces Pest Management Board Technical Guide No. 29 Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in and Around Buildings

Authors: Defense Pest Management Information Analysis Center

 

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is defined in DoD Instruction 4150.7 as "a planned program,incorporating continuous monitoring, education, record-keeping, and communication to prevent pests and disease vectors from causing unacceptable damage to operations, people, property, materiel, or the environment. IPM uses targeted, sustainable(effective, economical, environmentally sound) methods including habitat, modification, biological control, genetic control, cultural control, mechanical control,

 


 

31.

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Tools for detecting hazards: cockroaches

Authors: Community Environmental Health Resource Center

 

Traditionally, cockroaches were controlled only because they are offensive, leave behind an awful smell, and cause gastrointestinal and respiratory illness. Small infestations were often tolerated. However, the latest research shows that the traditional approach ignored the more serious hazard - that cockroach debris (old shells, body parts, and droppings) triggers asthma attacks in people who are sensitized to cockroach allergen. With asthma rates growing, especially among children and African

 


 

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Cockroaches: decision guide

Authors: CEHRC: Community Environmental Health Resource Center (CEHRC)

 

This guide is intended for project managers considering whether they want to measure cockroach levels in homes and, if so, what homes should be the focus of their efforts. The Cockroach Sampling Instructions provide step-by-step instructions that the Hazard Investigator needs in order to get the job done properly. CEHRC’s Cockroach Background Materials offer added reference information. Traditionally, cockroaches were only controlled because they were offensive, left behind an awful smell, and c

 


 

33.

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Household Pests

Authors: Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation

 

Vermin, rodents and other household pests occur in some rental properties. Pests live anywhere they can find food, water, warmth and shelter. Pest control companies regularly service many apartment buildings. Pests present serious health hazards to residents; therefore, the landlord is responsible for getting rid of them. If tenants are unable to eliminate household pests, the landlord is obliged to hire a professional exterminator. Local health departments can help tenants whose landlords are

 


 

34.

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Sample Integrated Pest Management Specifications

Authors: New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) & Dr. Stephen Franz

 

Provide integrated pest management services. Conduct IPM outreach and workshop sessions to educate tenant associations, landlords, superintendents, and other building and community residents about the availability of IPM services. Provide direct instruction to residents on apartment maintenance to sustain reduced infestation and improved safety and health. Submit detailed monthly reports on project status using a template provided by DOHMH. Cooperate with DOHMH on evaluating the process and eff

 


 

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Durability by design - A guide for residential builders and designers

Authors: U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

 

Insects are not just nuisances, some are also a serious threat to building durability. The following types of insects are known to damage wooden materials in homes and in other structures: Termites, Carpenter Ants, Wood-boring Beetles, and Carpenter Bees. While all of the above insects can pose a threat to wood-framed homes, termites are the most prevalent and damaging insect. Therefore, most of this chapter addresses issues and practices related to the control and prevention of termite infest

 


 

39.

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How to use integrated pest management to uninvited residential pests

Authors: The New York State IPM Program

 

Integrated pest management, or IPM, is both a way of thinking and a way of acting in regard to pests. People who practice IPM try to prevent damage from pests or to manage them in ways that reduce risks to the environment and human health. To practice IPM, you don’t have to be an expert. This brochure is designed to help get you started with an understanding of insects, weeds, and other pests in and around your home.

 


 

40.

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Tips to Rid Your House of Insects and Rodents

Authors: Health Canada

 

Pests such as insects and rodents in the yard or home are often just a nuisance; however, some can damage food or possessions in your house. Simple preventive measures can stop most problems before they begin. Even when pests do get into the house, there is rarely a need to use pesticides. Simply removing their food supply and breeding sites is often the most effective control. Steps such as managing garbage so that it attracts fewer insects and animals, cleaning up spilled food, especially p

 


 

54.

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Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage 1996 and 1997 Market Estimates

Authors: Arnold L. Aspelin and Arthur H. Grube

 

Pesticides of various types are used in most sectors of the U.S. Economy. In general terms, a pesticide is any agent used to kill or control undesired insects, weeds, rodents, fungi, bacteria or other organisms. Thus, the term “pesticide” includes insecticides, herbicides, rodenticides, fungicides, nematicides, and acaracides as well as disinfectants, fumigants, wood preservatives and plant growth regulators. Pesticides play a vital role in controlling agricultural, industrial, home/garden, and

 


 

55.

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Diazinon Revised Risk Assessment and Agreement with Registrants

Authors: United States Environmental Protection Agency, Prevention, Pesticides And Toxic Substances

 

EPA is releasing its revised risk assessment and announcing an agreement with registrants to remove and phase out certain uses of the organophosphate pesticide diazinon. Also known as Spectracide and other trade names, diazinon is one of the most widely-used insecticides in the U.S., especially for household lawn and garden pest control. The Food Quality Protection Act, enacted in 1996, sets a more stringent safety standard for most pesticides and offers special protection for children. EPA has

 


 

56.

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Chlorpyrifos Revised Risk Assessment and Agreement with Registrants

Authors: United States Environmental Protection Agency, Prevention, Pesticides And Toxic Substances

 

EPA has released its revised risk assessment and announced an agreement with registrants to eliminate and phase out certain uses of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos. Also known as Dursban, Lorsban, and other trade names, chlorpyrifos is one of the most widely-used insecticides in the U.S., both in agriculture and in and around the home. The Food Quality Protection Act, enacted in 1996, sets a more stringent safety standard for most pesticides and offers special protection for childre

 


 

57.

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Cost and Efficacy Comparison of Integrated Pest Management Strategies with Monthly Spray Insecticide Applications for German Cockroach (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) Control in Public Housing

Authors: D.M. Miller and F. Meek

 

The long-term costs and efficacy of two treatment methodologies for German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), control were compared in the public housing environment. The “traditional” treatment for German cockroaches consisted of monthly baseboard and crack and crevice treatment (TBCC) by using spray and dust formulation insecticides. The integrated pest management treatment (IPM) involved initial vacuuming of apartments followed by monthly or quarterly applications of baits and insect growth

 


 

59.

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Pesticides Industry Sales And Usage 1994 and 1995 Market Estimates

Authors: Arnold L. Aspelin

 

This report provides an overview of the pesticide industry for 1994 and 1995. It contains a series of tables with estimates of the U.S. market for those two years. The tables contain information on quantities used and user expenditures (by economic sector and pesticide class), imports, exports, numbers of firms/individuals involved in production/use of pesticides, number of pesticides, certified applicators and on a number of other topics. Much of the tabular information in this report is for th

 


 

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Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage 2000 and 2001 Market Estimates

Authors: Timothy Kiely, David Donaldson and Arthur Grube

 

Under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in cooperation with the States and other agencies, such as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), is responsible for regulating the production and use of pesticides in the United States. This report provides contemporary and historical economic information on the U.S. pesticide produc

 


 

66.

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Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos: cellular mechanisms

Authors: K.D. Whitney, F.J. Seidler and T.A. Slotkin

 

Chlorpyrifos, one of the most widely used pesticides, exhibits greater toxicity during development than in adulthood. We administered chlorpyrifos to neonatal rats in apparently subtoxic doses that caused no mortality and little or no weight deficits and examined developing brain regions (cerebellum, forebrain, brainstem) for signs of interference with cell development. One-day-old rats given 2 mg/kg sc of chlorpyrifos showed significant inhibition of DNA synthesis in all brain regions within 4

 


 

67.

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Non-Occupational Exposures to Pesticides for Residents of Two U.S. Cities

Authors: R. W. Whitmore, et al.

 

The Non-Occupational Pesticide Exposure Study, funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, was designed to assess total human exposures to 32 pesticides and pesticide degradation products in the non-occupational environment; however, the study focused primarily on inhalation exposures. Two sites--Jacksonville, Florida (USA) and Springfield/Chicopee, Massachusetts (USA)--were studied during three seasons: Summer 1986 (Jacksonville only), Spring 1987, and Winter 1988. Probability samples